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Clade
Subclade Archosauria: Avemetatarsalia to Neornithes 
Taxon Feedback
Taxon Hesperornithes 
Nominal Author Fürbringer 1888 
2° Nominal Author  
Taxon Status active
inactive
Comments Fürbringer (1888) erected this taxon to include Hesperornis regalis and closely related forms. Clarke (2004:17) erected a stem-based definition using Hesperornis regalis and Aves as specifiers. The active definition uses Passer domesticus in place of Aves. 
Potential Synonomy  
Active Phylogenetic Definition Feedback
Active Definition The most inclusive clade containing Hesperornis regalis Marsh 1872 but not Passer domesticus (Linnaeus 1758). 
Shorthand > Hesperornis regalis but not Passer domesticus. 
Definitional Author Sereno 2005 
Definition Status original
textual substitution
first-order revision
second-order revision
Definition Type node
stem
Node-Stem Triplet yes
no
Other Triplet Taxa  
Specifiers
Specifier A Hesperornis regalis 
Specifier(s) B  
Specifier(s) C Passer domesticus 
Qualifiers
+Taxon  
-Taxon  
Datum  
Taxonomic Content stem (entirely extinct)
crown (extant-bounded)
mixed (extant/extinct-bounded)
Publication Year 2004 
Inactive Taxon Status Feedback
Rejection Criteria junior synonym
historically polyphyletic
incomplete definition
no definition
apomorphy-based
redundant
other 
Critique  
 
Current Age Range Feedback
Earliest Record Coniacian (89 Ma) 
Latest Record Maastrichtian (66 Ma) 
Range (My) 23 
Basis for Range The oldest records of Hesperornithes are species of Hesperornis from the Coniacian; the youngest record is Maastrichtian (Padian 2004). Dates are rounded to the nearest million, the earliest from the beginning of the stage and the latest from the end of the stage (Gradstein et al. 2004). 
Definitional History #1
Definition 1 All taxa and/or specimens more closely related to Hesperornis regalis than to Aves. 
Author Clarke 2004:17 
Type node  stem 
Specifiers Hesperornis regalis, Aves 
Qualifiers